Genre report on road movies Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Genre report on road movies - Movie Review Example The movie was written by a female which is why their characters are shown as strong and powerful. The movie shows a bold and courageous road journey completed by the two women showing their friendship and hardships that they had to face because they were women. Many of the audience agreed that this film showed the bravery and power of women that had not been exposed so openly before. The reason why it was shocking and pleasing for the audience to watch is because the road genre movies were mainly shot with male characters in accordance to their position in the society. Society at that time had the concept of male dominance and males being more powerful than females. Road trips require high energy and courage to be fulfilled as they cover long distances on roads without proper sleep or food. In this movie the female characters were shown in a new position where they set off on a road trip all alone and faced the several problems boldly. In fact the film shows how these females were at tacked on the most sensitive issue related to women which is rape. The film shows that one of the characters was about to be raped when the other shot the person who was attempting to rape. The two friends then escape to Mexico but later find out that the American police are searching for them. The film shows a new face of the road movie genre that the audience had not seen before. This movie clearly shows the bold and powerful perception about women of the writer and director. Little Miss Sunshine is another movie that was released in 2006 and shows a family road trip. The movie is comedy and it contains humour from the start till the end. A family comedy on a road movie is a unique combination as all the movies about road trips are usually focusing on young men travelling across any country or in the case of Thelma & Louise two women travelling. The history of the road movie genre shows that the genre shows a particular culture where a small group of young friends usually set off to explore places or their lives. Little Miss Sunshine was a surprising movie which shook the audience with its unique combination. The movie broke all the stereotypes for road movies which were the themes of bachelor’s party, or vacations or any other leisure purpose. This movie had a different theme which was based on a beauty pageant competition in which the 7 year old girl was selected. The competition was west to California where they had to drive to reach in time. The journey took place in a VW bus with all the members of the dysfunctional family. All the members of the family were facing some problem or the other because of which the mother did not want to leave any one behind. The road trip disclosed many of the emotional aspects such as life and death, rejection, loneliness and the feeling of belonging; all with the never stopping punches of humour. The expectations that the audience and critics have from the road movies are the themes of the development of the journ ey, characters and purpose. The most important aspect is the development of the journey since the journey is what directly connects to the purpose of the road trip. The audience is most interested to connect the characters, their purpose and their journey till they reach their destination. The journey shown in the road movie shows various events taking place on the way which can change the characters

Good cancer pain management can help patients feel better Essay Example for Free

Good cancer pain management can help patients feel better Essay Most cancer patients suffer from pain in varying degrees during their illness. The management of this pain and its relationship in improving the wellbeing of the patient is the primary focus of this study. This paper approached the study by researching articles that dealt with pain management from different angles. After critical analysis of these articles this paper will arrive at a conclusion that addresses the research question.   The topics reviewed included: 1. The use of a clinical instruction module (CLIM) for hospice nurses to upgrade their skills (Plymale, M. et al, 2001) 2. The role of cognition in promoting the psychological well being of the patient (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002) 3. The use of pain management autobiographies to discover how best to deal with pain management (Schumacher, K. et al. 2001) 4. Overcoming patient related barriers to pain management by educating them (Chang, Ming-Chuan. 2002) 5. Providing a description of advanced cancer pain in home hospice subjects to enable the caregivers to alleviate their suffering (Dobratz, M. 2001) The material for this study was searched from the University of Wollongong database of Medline. The key words in the search for journal articles were nursing, research and cancer pain.   Articles were chosen for their relevance to the research question and the findings they came up with. Information that was obtained from these studies enabled the writer to draw important conclusions as concerns pain management in cancer patients with pain. The research is of extreme importance to the writer. I lost my husband to cancer. The trauma we all went through watching him in pain gave me a new impetus to do all in my power to ensure that no other patient will need to go through the same suffering as he did. As I continue to practice, I would like to contribute to breaking new ground in pain management in cancer patients; especially as concerns alleviating their pain and improving their quality of life. Article 1 In an article entitled ‘Cancer Pain Education: A Structured Clinical Instruction Module For Hospice Nurses’, appearing in the journal ‘Cancer Nursing ‘,Plymale M. et al (2001) studied the effect of pain education on the quality of service by caregivers. The research aimed to determine whether educating nurses on pain management will improve their ability to assess and manage pain in cancer patients. A clinical instruction module (CLIM) based on cancer pain management and assessment skills was administered to 25 hospice nurses whose average field practice was 4.1 years (Plymale M. et al. 2001, p. 424).The course involved the nurses going round 8 stations focussing on   different aspects of cancer pain, assessing 5 cancer survivors and one actor. They carried out tests on various aspects of pain management. Prior to and after the exercise the nurses self assessed their skills in pain management using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1(not competent) to 5(v ery competent). They also evaluated the CLIM on a similar scale. (1= strongly disagree; 5= strongly agree) All participants agreed that the course helped improve their competence in the teaching items that were being addressed. The use of patients with cancer was considered more beneficial as opposed to having actors. Nurses that felt competent enough before the course did not perceive any noticeable improvement in their abilities in the post exercise self assessment. This finding is consistent with the view that hospice nurses are more competent in dealing with cancer pain management than those nurses working in hospitals. Those who assessed themselves as not competent indicated a higher assessment of themselves after the course. In a further study conducted among post instruction medical students, those trained using a CLIM on pain management did better than those schooled it traditional methods. (Sloan P.A. et al., 2001, 112)     Ã‚  There is an urgent need to introduce CLIM’s addressing pain assessment and management in the teaching courses for all nurses and caregivers in a bid to improve their skills and service delivery. The more competent the nurses the better will be the treatment of patients in prolonging their lives and alleviating the pain they go through. A significant observation of this study is the competence level of hospice nurses was higher than that of their counterparts. It is advisable to seek their input in developing manuals and modules of this nature as they have first hand knowledge that is invaluable to this area of study. Article 2 ‘Pain And Hope in Patients with Cancer’, an article written by Chen, Mei-Ling and appearing in the journal ‘Cancer Nursing’ (2003) examines the relationship between pain and hope in cancer patients. Hope is a therapeutic factor in the treatment of any disease including cancer. Patients with high levels of hope coped better with the disease than did those who dwelt on the hopelessness of their situation. The hopeful patients on average tended to live longer and had extended periods of remission. This study had three main purposes; i. Examine the effect of disease status on hope levels among patients with cancer who have pain ii. Compare the level of hope between patients with cancer that have pain and those who do not iii. Determine which dimensions of pain are associated with hope (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002, p.62) The conceptual framework for the study was based on the ‘self- regulation model of coping with health threats’. (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002, p.62) The main emphasis is on how people cope with their health problems in their own unique ways. Personal beliefs, religious orientation, cultural practises and previous experiences all work to determine a patient’s attitude towards his illness.(Donavan, H.S., Ward, S., 2001, pp. 211 – 216) Any one of the factors mentioned will have a bearing on the hope levels of the individual. The study employed the use of the Herth Hope Index (HHI) to assess the level of hope. It sampled 274 inpatients with cancer at two medical centres in Taiwan. 226 of them finalised the survey and the analysis was based on their responses. The study used Perceived Meaning of Cancer Pain Inventory (PMCPI) to measure the meanings that patients ascribed to their pain. Four subscales were used and these were challenge, threat, spiritual awareness and loss. The findings showed that in cancer patients with pain and those without pain, the hope levels did not differ. However, sensory dimensions of pain showed a link between the bearable pain intensity and level of hope (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002, p. 65) The findings supported the view that the hope levels in patients were higher in those who were able to tolerate more pain. Perception of one’s pain played an important role in the way one held on to hope. Those who viewed the pain as a challenge were more hopeful than those who took it from a negative perspective. In assessing one’s reaction to treatment, it is notable that the findings showed no difference in hope levels for those patients who were unsure of the effect of treatment and those who affirmed that the treatment was working positively.

Douglas Egerton’s He Shall Go Out Free Essay -- Douglas Egerton He Sha

Douglas Egerton’s He Shall Go Out Free In a time when revolution swept both Old World and New, it should have been no surprise that eighteenth century Charleston would find revolution fermenting among its slave population. In his book "He Shall Go Out Free", Douglas Egerton describes the life of Denmark Vesey, a freed slave in Charleston, who held a deep and thinly-veiled hatred of slavery and the city’s ruling elite, and was best known for leading a failed attempt at revolt which cost his life. However, Egerton argues one must look beyond the span of Vesey’s lifetime to best understand his impact upon the history of the city. ORIGINS Like most slaves, much about Vesey's early years, including his exact age, family, and nationality, is unknown. The first thing we know about his life was his purchase as a teenager in 1781 from St. Thomas Island, a Dutch colony in the Caribbean, by Joseph Vesey, a slave trader (3). After a short stint as Vesey's cabin boy, he was sold on the island of Saint Domingue, a French colony dominated by sugar plantations where slaves lived short and brutal lives (17). On Saint Domingue, he feigned epileptic seizures to force his return as "damaged goods". Joseph Vesey put him back to work as his cabin boy, as well as translating for slaves (22). When the British evacuated Charleston in December 1782, Joseph Vesey moved his family to the city, bringing Denmark along with him (26). Fluent in English and a quick learner, he was soon busy helping run his owner’s import business, paying taxes and picking up merchandise upon arrival at the city’s docks (33). Nearly twenty years after he arrived in Charleston, luck brought Vesey his freedom. A... ...ir names were a "terror to oppressors." Fiction writers with anti-slavery views included characters similar to Vesey in their stories (226). CONCLUSION In his life, Denmark Vesey was virtually powerless member of Charleston’s small society of free blacks in the years between the American Revolution and Civil War. He spent years expressing his disgust of slavery, and his one effort to strike back was quickly rolled up and brutally eliminated. In light of this, there is great irony in how Charleston, a city which fearlessly defied kings and empires would live in fear not of invading armies and attacking fleets, but at the shadow of Vesey’s failed revolt. That one man’s memory could hold such power validates Egerton's argument that Vesey was both an obscure and nearly powerless person, as well a revolutionary figure whose legacy stood tall indeed.

Rdr Experiment No. 9 Integrated Concepts of Equilibrium

Experiment No. 9 INTEGRATED CONCEPTS OF EQUILIBRIUM RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A system in equilibrium can be affected by the addition of another reagent leading to a change in chemical equation with a new equilibrium constant. An overall reaction is the sum of two or more reaction steps with different equilibrium constants. The overall equilibrium constant, Koverall, is the product of the equilibrium constants of the individual reaction step. If a reaction step is reversed, the equilibrium constant is set into its reciprocal.If a reaction step is multiplied by a common coefficient n, the new equilibrium constant is raised to the nth. The first part of the experiment dealt with the equilibrium reaction Cu(OH)2(s) ? Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq). 0. 10 M Cu(NO3)2 and 0. 10 M NaOH were reacted together in seven test tubes to form the solid Cu(OH)2, a blue precipitate. Distilled water was added to the first test tube. This served as the control. When 6. 0 M H2C2O4 was added to the second test tube, t he precipitate turned cloudy blue. The new equilibrium can be attributed to the formation of the solid CuC2H4 which is cloudy blue in color, and the ionization of H2C2O4.The addition of Zn dust in the third test tube resulted into a gray-brown precipitate. The mechanisms in this reaction are the dissociation of Cu(OH)2(s), redox of Cu2+ and Zn, and precipitation of Zn(OH)2, leading to an overall reaction of Cu(OH)2(s) + Zn(s) ? Zn(OH)2(s) + Cu(s). When 6. 0 M HNO3 was added to the fourth test tube, the precipitate disappeared. The H+ ions from the complete dissociation of HNO3 neutralize the OH- ions. This results to the shifting of the system to the right. The addition of 6. 0 M NH3 in the fifth test tube caused the formation of the deep blue [Cu(NH3)4]2+ complex.The new equilibrium was established from the dissociation reaction of Cu(OH)2 and NH3, and the formation of complex [Cu(NH3)4]2+. 1. 0 M Na3PO4 was added to the sixth test tube, and formed a light blue precipitate. The bas ic PO3- hydrolyzes to form OH- and HPO42-. The increase in OH- ions caused the system to shift to the left and formed more Cu(OH)2(s). In the seventh test tube, the addition of Cu(NO3)2 caused to form a cloudy turquoise precipitate. The addition of a common ion Cu2+ caused the formation of more solid.The cloudy supernate suggested that the solubility of a slightly soluble ionic compound is lowered in the presence of a common ion. In the second part of the experiment, saturated NaCl was put into three test tubes and in each, three different reagents were added. The initial equilibrium reaction was NaCl(s) ? Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq). The addition of 95% ethanol resulted to a clear supernate and very minimal white precipitate. Ionic compounds such a NaCl dissolve in polar solvents like ethanol. The addition of concentrated HCl resulted in the formation of more white precipitate, due to the addition of a common ion Cl-.When MgSO4 was added, there was no visible reaction. This is due to the the displacement reaction of the two solids forming aqueous solutions of MgCl2 and Na2SO4. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS A. test tube 1 Cu(OH)2(s) Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Ksp=2. 20x 10-20 K_eq=[? Cu? ^(2+)]? [? OH? ^-]? ^2 B. test tube 2 Cu(OH)2(s) Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Ksp=2. 20x 10-20 H2C2O4 (aq) HC2O4-(aq) + H+(aq) Ka=6. 5Ãâ€"10-2 HC2O4-(aq) C2O42-(aq) + H+(aq) Ka=6. 1Ãâ€"10-5 Cu(OH)2(s) + H2C2O4 (aq) Cu2+(aq) + C2O42-(aq) + 2H2O(l) Keq=8. 23Ãâ€"10-26 C. test tube 3 Cu(OH)2(s) Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Ksp=2. 20x 10-20 Cu2+(aq) + Zn(s) Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) Kredox=3. 46Ãâ€"1034 Zn2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Zn(OH)2 (aq) Ksp=5. 435Ãâ€"1013 Cu(OH)2(s) + Zn(s) Zn(OH)2 (aq) + Cu(s) Keq=4. 137Ãâ€"1028 D. test tube 4 Cu(OH)2(s) Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Ksp=2. 20x 10-20 2HNO3(aq) ? 2H+(aq) + 2NO3 (aq) Ka=? Cu(OH)2(s) + 2HNO3 (aq) ? Cu2+(aq) + 2NO3 (aq) + 2H2O(l)Keq=? E. test tube 5 Cu(OH)2(s) Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Ksp=2. 20x 10-20 Cu2+(aq) + 4 NH3(aq) Cu(NH3)4]2+(aq) Kf=5. 0x1013 Cu(OH)2(s) + 4 NH3(aq) [Cu(NH3)4]2 +(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Keq=1. 1Ãâ€"10-6 F. test tube 6 3Cu(OH)2(s) 3Cu2+(aq) + 6OH-(aq) Ksp=1. 0648x 10-59 2H3PO4 (aq) 2H+(aq) + 2H2PO4-(aq) Ksp=5. 625Ãâ€"10-5 2H2PO4-(aq) 2H+(aq) + 2HPO42-(aq) Ksp=3. 844Ãâ€"10-15 2HPO42-(aq) 2H+(aq) + 2PO43-(aq) ¬ Ksp=2. 304Ãâ€"10-27 3Cu(OH)2(s) +2H3PO4 (aq) Cu3(PO4)2(s) + 6H2O(l)Keq? 0 A. Test tube 1 B. Test tubes 6, 5, 3, and 2 C. Test tube 5 D. Test tubes 7, 6, 4, 3, and 2 E. Test tube 7, and 2 F. Test tube 6, 5, and 3In test tube 1, the addition of ethanol to the solution produced little precipitate. It is because ethanol is capable of hydrogen-bonding with water, thus, depriving the Na+ and Cl- ions of water molecules to â€Å"hydrate† them. On the other hand, adding HCl produced a greater amount of precipitate because it completely ionizes into H+ and Cl- ions. Because Cl- is part of one side of the dissolution process, the equilibrium shifted to the side favoring the reformation of NaCl crystals. Lastly, the addition of MgSO4 doe s not affect the system because none of its constituent ions were present in the equilibrium reaction of NaCl.

Oral history archive department in modern libraries, Essay

The main aim of the research is to discuss the uses and the value of an oral history archive department in modern libraries, especially British libraries and American ones which are pioneers in this domain. It has been realized or discovered that the oral history archive can be used to explain the concept or idea of windowing time in physical and digital libraries. Of late digital and oral history archive libraries carry a variety of useful information and documents that include the past and present ones. This paper therefore tries to view the use and the value of this kind of sound archive in which it is divided into main categories and subsections. The first section is the introductory part that tries to give a brief explanation about the oral history archive. There is a problem in question or objective, which touches on what is to be investigated that is the use of this archive. The hypotheses are also constructed to provide answers to the objectives of the research. The other areas include research context/literature review; methodology; work plan; recourses; ethics and conclusion. 1. Working Title The use and the value of an oral history archive department in Modern Libraries and Information Centres. 2. Introduction. Many scholars realized that Oral history archive libraries can be used to obtain information as fast as possible. According to Portelli (1998), the archive holds several hours of gramophone, films, audio, video and Compact Disks. The oral history archive has been of great help in various departments because instant information has been obtained through what is called oral debriefing. This is a situation whereby a comprehensive and condensed verbal testimony is obtained from individuals (Medical Tribune 2007). Other areas where the oral history archive has been applied include areas such as psychology, witness interrogation in criminal investigations, which occur in both oral and visual formats (Sangster 1998).The archive tentatively is currently being used to help in knowledge management especially when it comes to labor market. This is an area in commerce and industry where the changing labor market requires employees to shift from one position to another or from one job to another. As this happens there is loss of organizational memory, the so called the body of data and knowledge which is relevant to an individual organization’s existence (Perk and Thomson 1998 and Gregory 1991). These therefore are of the uses of oral history archive that make it become recognized as a powerful device or tool especially in Britain to capture the already existing institutional knowledge and information. Learning has been enhanced by the use of Oral history archive. The new curriculum requires students to have sound and good communication skills that prepare them to answers questions either during interviews as they look for jobs after schooling or in classroom (Rolph 1998). Criminal investigation department also employ the use of an Oral history archive when they are interrogating criminals. 3. Aims and objectives In this section, the paper discusses the problem in question or the objectives of carrying out the research. Oral history archive has been viewed as a unique and powerful tool by people. In order to clear this perception and make things more clear, this research paper tries to answer the question. The problem to be researched on is therefore the value and the use of an oral history archive in modern libraries and information centres and why people view it as a useful tool in modern libraries. The paper shall also look at the role, if any, of the information specialist of the future in an oral history department and the skills the information specialist must have to operate in such a department. Besides, the paper shall also look at and address the question of how interviewing targets are chosen by the oral history department, how expensive it is to put up an oral history department from scratch at the various libraries, why people view it as a useful tool in the modern libraries and the skills that are required by an information specialist in order for him/her to be able to operate in the department. Today, many educationists are being encouraged to introduce oral history as a powerful tool for serious scholarships in all universities in order to encourage learning. However, there are a number of universities that have introduced and developed extensive collections of oral history while others have not realized the usefulness of the library. For example; Harvard, Princeton and University of California have taken the lead in the development and introduction of oral history archive (Gowers 2006). In addition, the university libraries mentioned above in this domain have operated smoothly from 1955, the British Library has been the pioneer for a lot of researchers of this topic. The reason is simple. The Sound Archive Department of British Library at the present time holds over a million discs, One hundred and eighty five thousand audio tapes, and a lot of video and sound records. These collections which include written literature, dramatized stuff, and music recordings plus sounds of wildlife are collected from across the world. They entail cylindrical equipment created in the nineteenth century to the most recent Compact Disks, Digital Versatile Disk and mini discs. 4. Scope and Definition In order to discover the use and the value of an oral history archive department and to create a sensible project in range and time, the scope of the project will focus mainly on the opinions of curators, librarians and others who are working in this sector. It is important though to be aware that this will emphasize basically on personal viewpoints and changing theories and therefore might not provide a perfect answer. It will also be necessary for the research to stay neutral and determined on the questioners and not go beyond the objectives set as those working in these departments will be more involved with the issues concerning their departments than be drawn to the personal issues. 5. Literature Review The literature review section tries to look at what other scholars have discussed about the same topic to be researched on. This is very important since it avoids or solves cases of duplication of other people’s work. Since other people or scholars at one time had realized the importance of Oral history archive in the modern libraries, it is therefore in order to access their ideas on the topic. The oral history archive has been viewed as a useful tool in a number of areas such as psychotherapy, witness interrogation in crime investigation and learning institutions that are provided in both oral and visual formats (Rolph 1998, Gregory 1991, Parker 1999 and Sarah 2004). According to Ritchie (2003), oral history has useful information or materials that are often ignored by librarians. This is also sometimes overlooked in relation to cost value calculation (Swain 2003). The archive has played a key role in helping in audio collection, attitude and value clarification as well as necessitating multi-media approach to learning (Christel 2006 and Thomson 2000). The most obvious area where oral history archive has been used according to Perks and Thompson (1998) is in learning institutions. This is a case where a tape recorder is used in classrooms to help students understand the concept being taught in class room. However, it has been noticed that a tape recorder has not been effectively and efficiently used as compared to the use of movie, slide or overhead projectors (Lukenbill 2002). One advantage when one uses a tape recorder is that it can be stopped anytime especially when the instructor wants to emphasize important points or to allow urgent questions arising (Thompson 2000). Tapes can also be replayed to enhance re-examining or revisiting and requesting of any order that is desirable. Proper understanding of the lesson is therefore emphasized. Since the new curriculum requires students to have skills in understanding comprehension, analysis and evaluation. Oral history has been of great use to check and examine all these concepts. It is also noted that oral communication skills are very important when it comes to times of interviews where questions are phrased (Swain 2003). The interviewer and the interviewee have to be clear and precise especially in calling for specific information. The questions asked especially during the interviews need also to be answered in the most accurate manner as possible (Ritchie 2003). According to Perks and Thompson (1998), accuracy actually plays a major role in interviews and this can be facilitated by the use of oral history archive. The concept is also emphasized by Seale (2004). As a way of facilitating learning, oral history archive through the use of tapes has facilitated immediate feedback during teaching in schools. This has been done in connection with other secondary sources like books more so in secondary schools. Students’ needs are addressed as soon as possible. This rules out cases of negative delays which is commonly experienced in the traditional scholarly research where numerous collections are required (Thompson 2000). A good teacher who knows how to use tapes only needs to locate appropriate tapes in which he is expected to prepare summarized notes according to students’ understanding. This should be done after testing the entry behavior of the students before opting to use the tapes for instruction (Parker 1999). Oral history archive has also been helpful in clinical libraries (Schacher 2001). Clinicians when giving psychotherapy to patients who are mentally disturbed have used the information contained in the Oral history archive. Such patients may be suffering from Schizophrenia or psychosis (Schacher 2001 and Thompson 2000). As patients talk about their illness the clinician is able to come up with appropriate measures to provide assistance.

The Colonies Multiple Choice Essay Questions Essays - Free Essays

The Colonies Multiple Choice Essay Questions Essays - Free Essays The Colonies Multiple Choice Essay Questions Elvira Seferagic Multiple Choice// ~ Essay Questions Which of the following colonial power exercised the least amount of control over the commercial and political practices in their colonies? THE NETHERLANDS. Colonies such as the Carolinas were known as "restoration colonies" because THEIR CREATION WAS MAINLY DUE TO THE RESTORATION OF THE STUARTS TO THE ENGLISH THRONE. The primary motive of those who founded the British colony in Virginia during the 17th century was the DESIRE FOR ECONOMIC GAIN. What was the major reason the original settlers of Plymouth Colony, Maryland, and Pennsylvania came to America? TO SECURE FREEDOM FROM RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION. Which development led to the other four? COLUMBUS LANDING IN HISPANIOLA. The 13 English colonies were all located on or very near the ATLANTIC OCEAN. In which region of the US was the first permanent English Settlement located? ATLANTIC COAST. During the colonial period, which geographic feature presented the greatest barrier to the westward migration of American settlers? APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS. Which action by the British government was considered by American colonists to be a violation of their rights as Englishmen? TAXING THE COLONIES WITHOUT REPRESENTATION IN PARLIAMENT. Which political feature of the US developed during the colonial period? REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT. The development of a farming culture among pre Columbian Native American Indians helped ensure SAFETY FROM NEIGHBORING TRIBES. During the colonial period, the economic development of the South was most directly dependent on the labor of ENSLAVED AFRICANS. The results of the French and Indian War (17541763) led to the independence movement in the 13 colonies because the British BEGAN IMPOSING NEW TAXES ON THE COLONISTS. Colonialera New England town meetings and the Virginia House of Burgesses were both STEPS IN THE GROWTH OF REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY. Beginning in the 16th century, Spanish colonizers imported increasing numbers of slave from West Africa for all the following reasons except IN THE HALF CENTURY AFTER 1518 EUROPEAN DEMAND FOR TOBACCO INCREASED DRAMATICALLY. During the 16th century, the number of people from England and continental Europe who immigrated to Spain's New World colonies and settled there REMAINED SMALL. Prior to 1607, SPAIN REMAINED THE DOMINANT COLONIAL POWER IN THE NEW WORLD. Which heading completes the partial outline below? NEW ENGLAND COLONIES (Villages with town meeting, small farms and commercial fishing, and First American College). The Declaration of Independence indicates that all people are "endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights." This statement means that CERTAIN RIGHTS BELONG TO THE PEOPLE AND CANNOT BE TAKEN AWAY FROM THEM. The Declaration of Independence states that "all men are created equal." Today this idea means that ALL PEOPLE SHOULD BE EQUAL UNDER THE LAW. The creation of the Virginia House of Burgesses was an important step in the development of democracy in colonial America because it ESTABLISHED A REPRESENTATIVE FORM OF GOVT. The Mayflower Compact and the Virginia House of Burgesses are examples of STEPS TOWARD A REPRESENTATIVE GOVT. Before 1763, the British policy of salutary neglect toward its American colonies was based on the desire of GB to BENEFIT FROM THE ECONOMIC PROSPERITY OF THE AMERICAN COLONIES. What was the main purpose of the Mayflower Compact? TO CREATE A GOVT THAT WOULD BENEFIT THE COLONY. To encourage African Americans to fight, Hamilton suggested in the excerpt that they should be promised EMANCIPATION FROM SLAVERY. Which of the following was the primary reason for Hamilton's call for African American soldiers? THE BRITISH WERE RECRUITING AFRICAN AMERICANS. In the American colonies, boycotts were an effective way of protesting British policies mainly because the boycotts CAUSED ECONOMIC HARDSHIPS FOR BRITISH MERCHANTS. In the publication Common Sense, Thomas Paine argued that the American colonies should END THEIR POLITICAL RELATIONSHIP W GB. The major reason the British govt issued the Proclamation of 1763, which banned colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains, was to? AVOID CONFLICT W NATIVE AMERICA INDIANS. Based on the excerpt, which of the following groups was President Jackson trying to help? COMMON INDIVIDUALS. Which of the following groups provided the greatest support for Jackson's veto of the Bank? WESTERNERS. President Jackson's veto of the Bank bill would contribute most significantly to A FINANCIAL PANIC. President Andrew Jackson defended the spoils system as a benefit to democracy because it FILLED GOVTS JOBS WITH COMMON CITIZENS. The ultimate goal of Andrew Jackson's policy toward the Indians during his presidency was TO REMOVE THEM TO

Cluster Analysis

Cluster Analysis Cluster analysis is a statistical technique used to identify how various units like people, groups, or societies can be grouped together because of characteristics they have in common. Also known as clustering, it is an exploratory data analysis tool that aims to sort different objects into groups in such a way that when they belong to the same group they have a maximal degree of association and when they do not belong to the same group their degree of association is minimal. Unlike some other statistical techniques, the structures that are uncovered through cluster analysis need no explanation or interpretation – it discovers structure in the data without explaining why they exist. What Is Clustering? Clustering exists in almost every aspect of our daily lives. Take, for example, items in a grocery store. Different types of items are always displayed in the same or nearby locations – meat, vegetables, soda, cereal, paper products, etc. Researchers often want to do the same with data and group objects or subjects into clusters that make sense. To take an example from social science, let’s say we are looking at countries and want to group them into clusters based on characteristics such as division of labor, militaries, technology, or educated population. We would find that Britain, Japan, France, Germany, and the United States have similar characteristics and would be clustered together. Uganda,  Nicaragua, and Pakistan would be also be grouped together in a different cluster because they share a different set of characteristics, including low levels of wealth, simpler divisions of labor, relatively unstable and undemocratic political institutions, and low technological development. Cluster analysis is typically used in the exploratory phase of research when the researcher does not have any pre-conceived hypotheses. It is commonly not the only statistical method used, but rather is done in the early stages of a project to help guide the rest of the analysis. For this reason, significance testing is usually neither relevant nor appropriate. There are several different types of cluster analysis. The two most commonly used are K-means clustering and hierarchical clustering. K-means Clustering K-means clustering treats the observations in the data as objects having locations and distances from each other (note that the distances used in clustering often do not represent spatial distances). It partitions the objects into K mutually exclusive clusters so that objects within each cluster are as close to each other as possible and at the same time, as far from objects in other clusters as possible. Each cluster is then characterized by its mean or center point. Hierarchical Clustering Hierarchical clustering is a way to investigate groupings in the data simultaneously over a variety of scales and distances. It does this by creating a cluster tree with various levels. Unlike K-means clustering, the tree is not a single set of clusters. Rather, the tree is a multi-level hierarchy where clusters at one level are joined as clusters at the next higher level. The algorithm that is used starts with each case or variable in a separate cluster and then combines clusters until only one is left. This allows the researcher to decide what level of clustering is most appropriate for his or her research. Performing A Cluster Analysis Most statistics software programs can perform cluster analysis. In SPSS, select analyze from the menu, then classify and cluster analysis. In SAS, the proc cluster function can be used. Updated by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Free Online Writing Courses

Free Online Writing Courses Whether you want to become a famous novelist or just make your way through college English, these free online writing courses and journalism courses can help. Learn the basics of English grammar, the poetic form, strategies for journalists, and how to make your business documents stand out from the crowd. StoryMind (Dramatica) With over a hundred short videos, this course takes fiction writers through the process of creating characters, framing action, focusing on a theme, developing their plot, and writing for a specific audience. English Writing and Composition (Arizona State University)   In this 8-week introductory English class, you’ll learn the basics of academic writing and set yourself up for a successful college career.   NewsU (Poynter) This highly-respected journalism organization offers quite a few free online courses in addition to their paid options. Free courses include: â€Å"Core Skills for the 21st Century Journalist,† â€Å"Covering Islam in America,† â€Å"Covering Poverty in the Suburbs,† â€Å"Document Mining,† and more. Writing for Young Readers: Opening the Treasure Chest ​ With assignments, video lectures, and interviews with well-known authors, aspiring children’s authors will love this course. Figure out your own writing identity, develop the structure of your work, learn editing basics, and consider your publishing options. You’ll finish the course with a handful of writing samples ready to become your portfolio. High Impact Business Writing   If you’re looking to up your game in the workplace, this no-nonsense business writing course can help. Learn how to create the most commonly used business documents, edit your work, and even effectively communicate through social media. Sharpened Visions: A Poetry Workshop ​(California Institute of the Arts) Poets (and aspiring poets) will appreciate this free online course’s emphasis on craft. Learn how to follow the rules of poetry†¦then learn how to break them. Throughout this 7-part course, you’ll discover dozens of hands-on tools to make your own work better. Crafting an Effective Writer: Tools of the Trade (Mt. Saint Jacinto College)   If you want to start from the beginning (or just need a refresher), this is the course for you. Learn the various parts of speech, the uses of subjects and verbs, and the ways that phrases and clauses can combine to create compelling sentences. This 5-unit course will help you understand how a solid grasp of English grammar can dramatically improve your writing.

Accounting, write a memo about Sony company Essay

Accounting, write a memo about Sony company - Essay Example Interesting content from proxy statement: â€Å"In a case where the outside director is reelected as an outside director of the corporation and reassumes his/her office as an outside director of the corporation, this agreement should continue to be effective after reelection and re-assumption without any action or formality.† This implies that in reelection of outside directors no formality is followed but the contract with the corporation is automatically renewed. In such instances the directorship is suppose to be formally executed like other directors by the use of the signature and company stamp but here it is no done. Positive Aspect: The annual report is viable and reasonable in that they require further tests to be conducted. While the primary objective of the report was to look at the effectiveness of the project in ensuring costs saving and operational efficiency, the project also looked at other information in a cursory manner as well (Simplified Acquisition Procedures for Federal Purchases, 2004). The report also suggests that independent study must be conducted to ensure that the prices of items being offered via the simplified acquisition procedures are at least at par with their market equivalents. Concerning Aspect: The first and the most concerning issue is that of carrying cost. The organization may carry excessive amounts, however the organization will have to bear excessive carrying costs to ensure that the products are kept in usable conditions and that they are not damaged due to prolonged periods of storage. These costs are not insignificant and in case of sensitive equipment, the equipment maintenance costs are a major portion of the organization is operating overheads. Overall: the annual report and proxy statement enables one to understand and the strategy of the company. It also enables one to comprehend the strategic direction as it

The Book The Road and The Movie The Shop on Main Street Essay

The Book The Road and The Movie The Shop on Main Street - Essay Example In the book â€Å"The Road†, Cormac McCarthy writes of a period that had been established during the post-apocalyptic time and the setting is purely fictional to generate the mood that had been associated with failed determination at progress. These two tales predict the events within the universe using different approaches with the movie predicting actual events in relation to the Jewish treatment during the famous war and the book telling tragedy at the time the universe had been created to be linked to a fictional universe. The relationship had been accorded to the two tales to accord the needed incentive in delivering a stable plot development. The movie â€Å"The Shop on Main Street† and the book â€Å"The Road† have both been developed to indicate the nature that humanity may be subjected to the harsh conditions on both fictional and reality scale, and deliver means to find solutions of survival. The Shop on Main Street The movie depicts the plot placed to reflect the nature that the form fascism may be relayed towards innocent living to harm positive societal relations. The character Tono Briko who is depicted as a Czech carpenter is presented with the solution that would uplift his low stature. Tono establishes the relationship with an elderly Jewish woman in the attempt to offer security to her button shop business. Although he is depicted as a lazy individual without ambition, he is accorded the status of an assistant within the new business as a reward for the loyalty that he had portrayed (Crowther). The plot twist had been when he had been faced with the decision of protecting his friend or betraying her, as the Jewish citizens had to be transported and interdicted. Kadar and Klos had created the movie to bear the reflection of the subjections placed on the individuals who had witnessed the tyrannical rule of Hitler. The climax of the plot development had been seen when the tough decision had to be made concerning the human abi lity of relating between the virtues of presenting a saintly character to the evil personality that creates human relation. The plot had been developed to change the outlook issued from the developed theme of positive relation to the period that had been presented to acknowledge difficult decision of protecting the interest of the weak. The period favored the system implemented where the Jewish had been accorded the difficulty to exist during the Hitler regime. The story set had been developed to present the oppression theme on two individuals from both sides of justice. The elderly Jewish woman had been intentionally used in the plot development to relate to the Aryan co-worker to inform of the imbalance that had been inevitable. Although she fulfilled the demands that had been placed upon her to employ an Aryan, the difficulty presented had been noticed when the movie ended in the decision that Tono had to face. The theme of betrayal and oppression is played intricately within the development of the play to limit progress and peaceful relations needed to grant total closure. The time had been crucially related to the historical impact of the reign that Hitler had presented during his reign. The oppressed during the time had composed of Jewish who had been subjected to difficult presentation during the rule of the Nazi. The Road McCarthy’

Topical Issues of Applied Chemistry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Topical Issues of Applied Chemistry - Assignment Example Light with a wavelength of 220nm has been emitted from an atom. From what energy level could the electron fall if its final energy state was n=2.=When fast-moving electrons hit target metal, the inner core electrons in the atoms of the target metal get ‘excited’ and move from the first orbit (n=1) to say the second orbit (n=2) or third orbit (n=3). The electrons have moved from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. Hence from the question, the electron falls from the n=3 energy level.0g-ice cube at 00C is added to 50.0g of water at 25.00C. Find the final temperature of the mixture.   Answer:   Ice = mass x latent heat of fusion of ice (h)   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  = 10gx320=3200joules, h=320joules /gram, Water = MC∆T  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 10x4.2x25=1050, Total heat supplied = 1050=3200=4250joules. Therefore  Ã‚   60g x 4.2 x T = 4250. T= 4250/252 = 16.870C   Answer:   Ice = mass x latent heat of fusion of ice (h)   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  = 10gx320=3200joules, h=320joules /gram, Water = MC∆T  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 10x4.2x25=1050, Total heat supplied = 1050=3200=4250joules. Therefore  Ã‚   60g x 4.2 x T = 4250. T= 4250/252 = 16.870C   Pure hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a bit thick in consistency and its boiling point is 1520 The atoms in hydrogen peroxide are in the order HOOH in terms of intermolecular forces, why does hydrogen peroxide have different physical properties than water?   Answer:   H2)2 structure is H-O-O-H. The two behave like isomers (have the same molecular formula but different structure)For isomers:-   H2O2 – Has more bonds hence more intermolecular forces making it have a higher boiling point since more energy is needed to break the bonds.Which of the following has the highest boiling point; Hcl, Ar, F2. Explain in terms of intermolecular forces.  Ã‚   Answer:   HCL= 2.8.7, Ar=2.8.8, F2= 2.7.The forces of attraction between molecules increase with the increase in the size of the molecules.In Argon there is a weak force of attraction between the atoms hence the low boiling point. For Hcl, the chlorine gas alone has a boiling point of –350C. Therefore chlorine has a higher boiling point than fluorine, which is of the same group because of an increase in the size of the molecule in chlorine.When chlorine reacts with hydrogen to from Hcl, a covalent bond is created. This bond is stronger than the forces of attraction between molecules and therefore require more energy to break hence higher boiling point.It should be noted that these are gases and gases have a low boiling point. Hcl can form HCl acid, which is a liquid with a high boiling point. Therefore Hcl is had the highest boiling point followed by Argon and F2 has the lowest.

The Role of Accounting on Business and Our Society Research Paper

The Role of Accounting on Business and Our Society - Research Paper Example The balance sheet is the most effective tool in communicating the financial health of a business. The balance sheet reveals the financial position of a business and reports the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity as at a given point in time (Allee & Yohn, 2009). This financial statement also reveals the resources that remain unused at the end of the period and available for use in the following periods. Additionally, the balance sheet reports the claims for resources that remain unpaid at the end of the period and the capital represented in various forms it is constituted. The functions of accountants include recording, analyzing, and reporting the financial status of a company or a person. Either an accountant or a certified public accountant can perform accounting. Accountants do not legally have to acquire any degree or any form of accounting license for them to perform their duties; any person over 18 years old and is good in numbers can be an accountant (Seetharaman, Sun & Wang, 2011). A certified public accountant must earn an accounting degree from an accredited institution, pass the CPA Examination, pass the professional Ethics Exam from the American Institute of CPAs, and work for 1,800 hours in one year under supervision of a licensed CPA. The accounting function in the organization is critical because it enables identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information to permit informed judgments and decisions. However, the accounting function is expensive to maintain because of high costs of installing systems and paying salaries and wages for accountants. I would prefer to form a merchandising company to a service company. Charts of accounts provide a list of all accounts in the company’s system (Seetharaman, Sun & Wang, 2011). Merchandising company charts of accounts have more code numbers than the charts for service industry. Charts of accounts in a service industry provides a list of

Contingency Planning Outline (Hotel Industry) Essay

Contingency Planning Outline (Hotel Industry) - Essay Example Besides, it is always important to note that individuals will always look for ways to improve themselves and this creates the need for these individuals to be constantly in motion. This is one thing that affects today's organization as the labor force becomes unpredictable. Such is the reason to come up with a contingency plan to guard against the losses arising from such unforeseeable situations. Mainly to come up with a plan for such situations, the management will have to consult widely on how to first ensure that there are no situations going to occur like that. This again is followed by evaluating other ways of curtailing the effects of the same if in any case it occurs. This is what creates the bases of any contingency plan; an evaluation of the action plan. In this case, we look at a contingency plan which specifically deals with human resource. The following steps can be followed. Examine the possibility of having new employees who might be serving on a part time basis in the current period. If the hotel or organization does not have individuals serving on a part time basis, it is important that they consider having provisions for that as these provide an almost exact replacement having acquired and learnt about the organizations processes overtime. The other step would be having the proper links with labor unions and recruiting firms which would provide an immediate replacement in case of turnovers that attempt to cripple the activities of the organization. The last of the plans that may work as far as the employees or human resource is concerned is ensuring that there is a mechanism in place which monitors the individual's involvement in work processes. Studies show that individuals who have a stronger probability of leaving the organization are likely to be less involved and tend to or incite others. A mechanism that identifies such behavior is likely to help reduce the effects of sudden turnovers which may result in losses for the firm. It is important to note that some of these effects that arise as a result of human resource changes may be quite drastic and may lead to the collapse of the organization. So, having a mechanism that enables prediction and at the same time provides a way to counter would boost the situation of the organization. Contingency plan on financial resources needed This is another very vital resource in the organization not only in the hotel industry but in all other industries. The money resource is the base for any business as it involves the capital employed, the rates paid and the wages paid. A money resource is the seed in any organization as it is what creates the organization. Though individuals may have an idea, it is impossible to breathe life or transform the idea without money. Thus, for any organization to run smoothly in terms of service provision, activity control and product creation, a considerable investment needs to be employed. Though individuals or human resource as discussed earlier may be the driving force in an organization, they are there because their efforts in learning the organization are compensated. The way to compensate the human resource is through money. For an organization either in the hotel industry or any other industry to run accordingly, it has to have a sound financial base. What this ensures is that all the other resources are present and compensated for fully. But it is not always

The Role of Accounting on Business and Our Society Research Paper

The Role of Accounting on Business and Our Society - Research Paper Example The balance sheet is the most effective tool in communicating the financial health of a business. The balance sheet reveals the financial position of a business and reports the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity as at a given point in time (Allee & Yohn, 2009). This financial statement also reveals the resources that remain unused at the end of the period and available for use in the following periods. Additionally, the balance sheet reports the claims for resources that remain unpaid at the end of the period and the capital represented in various forms it is constituted. The functions of accountants include recording, analyzing, and reporting the financial status of a company or a person. Either an accountant or a certified public accountant can perform accounting. Accountants do not legally have to acquire any degree or any form of accounting license for them to perform their duties; any person over 18 years old and is good in numbers can be an accountant (Seetharaman, Sun & Wang, 2011). A certified public accountant must earn an accounting degree from an accredited institution, pass the CPA Examination, pass the professional Ethics Exam from the American Institute of CPAs, and work for 1,800 hours in one year under supervision of a licensed CPA. The accounting function in the organization is critical because it enables identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information to permit informed judgments and decisions. However, the accounting function is expensive to maintain because of high costs of installing systems and paying salaries and wages for accountants. I would prefer to form a merchandising company to a service company. Charts of accounts provide a list of all accounts in the company’s system (Seetharaman, Sun & Wang, 2011). Merchandising company charts of accounts have more code numbers than the charts for service industry. Charts of accounts in a service industry provides a list of

International Tourism Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International Tourism Development - Essay Example Advancing tourism activities for the Silk Road Countries United Nations World Tourism Organization took some initiatives for advancement of the tourism activities for each and every Silk Road Country. There are 24 global countries that participated in this particular tourism project in order to accomplish the task quite successfully (ADB, 2013, p.1). It is highly important for the organization to consider effective and sustainable tourism activities in the Silk Road countries in order to achieve the objective of the project. According to the process and objectives of this project, each and every associated country needs to work towards a Single Visa of Silk Road. The United Nations World Tourism Organization is trying to bring several countries of the ancient Silk Route to ensure development and growth through sustainable tourism activities. According to Maslow’s theory of development there are 5 stages of basic needs which have been described in the diagram below: It is clear from the above diagram the 5 stages of development are physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem and self-actualization. Sustainable tourism can play a major role in upgrading the status of the people along the hierarchy. Tourism will stimulate demand and people will shift upwards along the hierarchy model. The people at the grass root are at the physiological part of the hierarchy diagram. Effective implementation of the tourism policies will shift these people up along the hierarchy model and will enhance their development in terms of wealth creation and social recognition. There are different types of tourism, such as food tourism, cultural... This essay stresses that it is true that global tourism industry is one of the major growth drivers of the global economy. Several leading organizations within the industry are trying to implement sustainable business operation strategies in the business processes in order to achieve significant social and cultural growth. It has been discussed earlier that the objective of this project is to encourage and stimulate the quality tourism development through healthy competitiveness between different Silk Road cities. United Nations World Tourism Organization took some initiatives for advancement of the tourism activities for each and every Silk Road Country. This paper makes a conclusion that Silk Road Programme is one of the important and popular sustainable tourism project initiated by The United Nations World Tourism Organization. The organization always tries to develop and implement unique business operation strategies to maintain effective growth rate of the industry. It is true that the tourism industry is known as one of the most important economic growth drivers. In addition to this, several other factors motivating people to visit several popular countries around the globe. People around the globe used to visit this country in order to experience the taste of delicious food items. The organization is trying to build a sustainable network through the Silk Road Countries in order to make the places more attractive and healthy among the global people.

Revenue and profit Essay Example for Free

Revenue and profit Essay Q1 – What is the difference between revenue and profit? A1 – Revenue is the total amount of money that a business takes in during a given period by selling goods and services. Profit is the amount of money a business earns above and beyond what it spends for salaries and other expenses, which is to use revenue to minus salaries and expenses. Q2 – What is the difference between standard of living and quality of life? A2 – The term of standard of living refers to the amount of goods and services people can buy with the money they have. Standard of living is the physical measurement of peoples living. Q3 – What is risk, and how is it related to profit? A3 – Risk is the chance an entrepreneur takes of losing time and money on a business that may not prove profitable. The more risk that business people take, the more profit that business people may have. Q4 – What do the terms stakeholders, outsourcing, and insourcing mean? A4 – Stakeholders refer to all the people who stand to gain or lose by the policies and activities of a business and whose concerns the business needs to address. Outsourcing means that contracting with other companies to do some or all of the function of a firm, like its production or accounting tasks. Insourcing means that the company internally do some or all of the functions of a firm, like its production or accounting tasks. Q5 – What are some of the advantages of working for others? A5 –Somebody else assumes the companys entrepreneurial risk and provides you with benefits., like paid vacation time and health insurance. The company you work for will provide the tools and technology to make your job more productive. Q6 – What benefits do you lose by being an entrepreneur, and what do you gain? A6 – As an entrepreneur, you do not receive any benefits such as paid vacation time, and you have to provide them to yourself. By being an entrepreneur, you will have freedom to make your own decisions, opportunity, and possible wealth. Q7 – What are the five factors of production? Which ones seem to be the most important for creating wealth? A7 – The five factors of production are land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship , and knowledge. The most important one is knowledge. Q8 – What are four ways the government can foster entrepreneurship? A8 – First, the government allow private ownership of businesses. Secondly, the government can further lessen the risks of entrepreneurship by passing laws that enable businesspeople to write enforceable contracts. Thirdly, the government can also establish a currency thats tradable in world markets. Finally, the government can help minimize corruption in business and in its own ranks. Q9 – Whats the difference between effectiveness, efficiency, and productivity? A9 – Effectiveness describes producing the desired result, and efficiency refers to produce goods and services using the least amount of resources. Productivity is the amount of output you generate given the amount of output. Q10 – What is empowerment? A10 – Empowerment defines that giving frontline workers the responsibility, authority, freedom, training, and equipment they need to respond quickly to customer requests. Q11 – What are some of the major issues affecting the economy today? A11 – First, the war and terrorism issue makes the government to spend more money on the military, and firms have to purchase more secure devices to ensure their customers security. Second, global changes create a need for continuous learning. Finally, the climate change of the world affects the way people use energy. People tend to save energy and to produce products that cause less harm to the environment. Q12 – What major factor caused people to move from farming to manufacturing and from manufacturing to the service sector? A12 – The using of technology and machines increases the productivity and eliminates many jobs in agricultural fields. Then, with the development of technology and machines, farms and industries need few and few farmers and workers. Therefore, more and more people tend to find jobs in service sectors. Q13 – What does the future look like for tomorrows college graduates? A13 – The service ear now seems to be coming to a close as a new era is beginning . We are in the midst of an information-based global revolution that will alter all sectors of the economy. Save your file as Chapter 1.doc and submit it through the appropriate Assignment Link in Blackboard.

Leadership styles example: Virgin

Leadership styles example: Virgin The term leadership can be defined as â€Å"influencing the activities of an organized group in its efforts towards goal setting and goal achievement (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2004, p.716). Leadership styles for that reason acts as a mean of motivation since employees are working collectively with management through delegation and empowerment. Consequently, ways in which employees are managed have an effect on their ability, motivation and attentiveness. Motivation is thus defined as â€Å"wanting to do something or wanting to achieve a certain result (Thompson and Machin, 2003, p.154). In my perception, motivation within a workforce is subsequently valuable given that it helps to increase productivity along with output over a period of time helping to meet business objectives. With reference to Virgin; a multinational company established by Richard Branson, his style of leadership is shown to entail certain characteristics in relation to the question seeing â€Å"all enterprises are linked by the single powerful central image of the founder and the characteristic red livery   (Mullins, 2010, p.37). Styles of management therefore are shown to influence motivation and perceptions within a workforce. Branson style is thus exposed to motivate; even though Virgin pays staff with low salaries, employees within Virgin complete work to a high standard to the extent employees are important projectors of the brand image. The suggestion of visionary, inspirational and participative style can therefore be considered as essential in motivating workforces in achieving their goals and in giving a good corporate reflection. A participative style of leadership is directed towards democratic management whereby managers permit workers to key in views or ideas transversely before making decisions. From experience, this seems essential in motivating depending on the type of organisation, here employees participate in the decision making process and feel part of the progression. According to Billsberry J â€Å"this style can thus lead to better quality decisions which are then more effectively implemented autocratic may stiffly creativity, not use available expertise and fail to establish motivation and commitment   (1996 p.43). Having a sense of entered ideas can add towards job satisfaction and allow management to listen to workers views and ideas. In good judgment, it is seen to enhance and increase motivation as workers enjoy work through a logic sense of contribution which is an intrinsic source of motivation (motivation from inside the individual). In addition, when I was working within a restaurant as a waitress, we were managed in an autocratic route, where everyone was given instructions on what tasks to perform without having any insights on decisions. In my opinion this was fundamental to motivate me as I knew what to do and what was expected of me, whereas the idea of participative would mean I wouldn be motivated as personally I am motivated by factors such as rewards e.g. money. In a situation where crucial decisions needed to be made, for example when lots of customers came in, decisions are made quicker than being participative as this slows down the business through consultation making it inflexible for management and patrons. De-motivation could therefore take place as customers may complain possibly having an impact on employees in the sense jobs aren „ ¢t done well. The reason why workers are motivated then depends on the type of organisation the business is. Within Virgin it could be viewed being participative is appropriate because of the nature of the industry. For instance, management at Virgin Atlantic and their cabin crew are there to be helpful and welcoming, a participative style could motivate as cabin crew are an important feature as well as feeling part of Virgin. Virgin shows aspect of a participative manner seeing that Branson stated â€Å"I have to be good at helping people run the individual businesses, and I have to be willing to step back. The company must be set up so it can continue without me (McDermott, 2010). By stepping back and encouraging participation workers would feel trust is being implemented upon them, effectively this could individually motivate as they feel valued. A sense of involvement also makes employees feel they are contributing to Virgin „ ¢s success. Nevertheless, although ideas are shared, management may not take any form of action to each proposal as workers have diverse views as well as it being difficult to implement all ideas. In planning for the organisational behaviour event (group activity) we had a participative style to which everyone contributed on what we were going to do. This leadership style was good in the sense members coming up with several ideas, during the process however; I felt this caused some minor confusion as during the night part of the group didn „ ¢t turn up, which could be reference to the range of ideas recommended. In improving the event, we should have assigned a leader with more direct control over the group; this for me would have motivated me more as fewer mistakes are made in relation to more control, though other people may prefer a participative style. An early idea on motivation in the 19th century was by Frederick Taylor who â€Å"was a believer in the rational economic concept of motivation workers would be motivated by obtaining the highest possible wages   (Mullins L, 2007, pg.43). An inspirational and visionary style may well be undermined in motivating as Frederick Taylor states workers are only motivated by money and it is a manager „ ¢s job to tell employees what to do. In supporting his judgment Taylor did an experiment with a group of workers linking altered factors with output, drawing up the conclusion money is linked to higher output. In this sense money could be seen as a vital way for motivating; if workers work harder and produce higher production, higher pay would be rewarded as a result, making employees achieve a set target. A participative, visionary and inspirational leadership is thus unessential in motivating workforces as in Taylor „ ¢s observation employees are motivated by monetary rew ards. Incorporating Taylor „ ¢s concept within Virgin could conversely motivate staff, as employees like high pay linked to performance. Except the negative aspect is quality of service may be affected as not all workers are liable to be motivated by money and would want visions along with inspirations to motivate. As a result if workers are unhappy the Virgin brand may be pretentious as Virgin cabin crew are an important projector of the brand image. Although scientific management is viewed as outdated and has been criticised for being too bureaucratic towards workers and the lack of flexibility involved, many organisations still use this as a mean of motivation as workers are motivated by extrinsic factors such as reward, which I personally am motivated by partially. Visionary leadership â€Å"involves having clear goals, being sensitive to stakeholder needs and interests and inspiring them with passion and determination   (Buchanan and Huczynski 2010 p.609). Richard Branson is disputed to have implemented visionary within virgin as he provides goals to employees on what Virgin is accomplishing, Virgin Records and Virgin Atlantic stated â€Å"corporations should put their employees ahead of customers and shareholders to build sustainable businesses   (Rex Mathew 18 November 2005), giving visions that Virgin couldn „ ¢t be successful without its employee, so would motivate as workers feel appreciated and have the visions to work towards their goals. In effect â€Å"visions seem to bring about confidence on the part of employees, confidence that instils in them a belief that they are capable of performing to their full potential   (Bennis and Goldsmith, 1997, p.108). By having clear goals employees feel motivated as they will kn ow what is expected of them as well as what they are capable of. In this sense visions are essential in bringing out the best within employees. According to Nanus â€Å"Vision, if properly selected and implemented, is so energizing that it in effect jump starts the future by calling forth the skills, talents and resources to make it happen   (Robbins, 2003 p.344). When applying idea of visions to my employment, this generally would motivate me as having a sense of direction makes me feel determined to achieve a certain goal set. For example, if my manager gave visions about sense of direction and where they are heading with enthusiasm this would inspire me to work harder to fulfil the satisfaction we may gain by accomplishing something. Just by managers stating their goals and the strategic action to achieve them would be a sense of vision personally. Inspirational in an organisation is a perceived importance as an online journal titled, The Role of Inspirational Leadership in Geographically Dispersed Teams â€Å"the positive relationship between inspirational leadership and individuals commitment to the team and trust in team members was strengthened in teams that were more dispersed suggesting that inspirational leaders are important in all contexts but that their importance is underscored in highly dispersed contexts   (Joshi, A, Lazarova, M. Liao, H, 2009). This illustrates inspirational leadership is vital during motivating as management relationship are strengthen with employees to feel appreciated by the company, making workers work hard in giving something back. In my view, by being motivated workers are more satisfied producing quality services and products which can be demonstrated at Virgin. Furthermore according to a survey conducted by the chartered management institute â€Å"The power to inspire is rated highes t and desirable leadership qualities. The inspirational leader connects with the led, appreciates the capabilities of others and through trust will unlock the power in others   (Mullins 2005 p. 304).In context, inspirational can motivate as when working in a group for my marketing presentation it was the inspirations of the group and the connection that motivated me personally as we had to work together to achieve a fine advertising campaign. Having inspirations from individuals motivated me to work harder as we all strived to achieve a good end result of the advertising campaign giving me self satisfaction. A participative, visionary and inspirational style of leadership isn „ ¢t necessarily essential in motivating, for example a content theory of motivation is Maslow „ ¢s hierarchy of needs; what motivates the individual. Workers need to satisfy their basic physiological needs such as pay and condition, individuals would then work towards each level to gain self satisfaction in the form of motivation. When applying this conjecture to Virgin, the strength of Maslow „ ¢s theory is individuals have basic needs so applies to the majority. In theory, this resonance an effective way to motivate staff within Virgin as employees could fulfil their needs slowly working towards self actualization, for example a cabin crew may work hard to gain promotion. Yet, when applying Maslow „ ¢s theory into practice, it could be a difficult process as different people have diverse needs as well as the theory being too simplistic, which may be hard to apply within an organisa tion. If this presumption was applied to my job, it wouldn „ ¢t really work for me as it isn „ ¢t a job I want to be in for a time period, therefore I wouldn „ ¢t work to self actualization but personally money, as a result, some levels would motivate me in the short term though not in the long term; in future a job that motivates me personally is something of interest to me. In talking about motivation, the human relations theory can be shown to motivate in regard to leadership styles. The human relation theory has its heredity in the Hawthorne study conducted in the late 1920 „ ¢s and into the early 30 „ ¢s by Elton Mayo; employees were now accepted as having social needs and interests, not as being motivated machines visualized by Taylor. The suggestion of â€Å"participative, visionary and inspirational style of leadership is essential to effectively motivate the workforce   can then be deduced as Elton Mayo experiment showed having an interest in workers boosted their motivation level even if it was only changing lighting settings, it also outlines importance of teamwork in an organisation. When applying this theory into Virgin, the repercussion shows employees would be motivated; in the lecture a video was shown when Richard Branson visited his stores which he talks to employees and takes an interest in them, in return employees are more motivated as Virgin pays staff with a low wage, however staff produces work to a high standard to the degree it is a valuable brand name in society. In conclusion, participative, visionary and inspirational is seen to effectively motivate, however because of convolution in different organisations and ways in employees are organised/ managed other methods are shown to motivate as alternatives to leadership styles. If Virgin were to adapt the characteristic as stated, the outcome may be a quantity of employees will perhaps not feel as motivated in comparison as all workers are different. The theories of motivation are thus dissimilar to management in practice; a theory may sound good in principle, but when applying to organisations there will be issues arising such as employees having different needs and because of this are motivated by different aspects. In addition, not all motivation of employees is to be achieved because of dissimilar desires. Businesses therefore need to consider employee motivation as an important process in achieving their objectives. MODULE FEEDBACK FORM Reference list Bennis W and Goldsmith J. (1997) Learning to lead, page 108 Billsberry J (ed.) (1996) The effective manager: perspectives and illustrations, page 43 Buchanan and Huczynski (2004) Organizational behaviour an introductory text, fifth edition, page716 Buchanan and Huczynski (2010) Organizational behaviour, seventh edition, page609 Joshi A, Lazarova M Liao H (2009) Getting Everyone on Board: The Role of Inspirational Leadership in Geographically Dispersed Teams. Organization Science, 20(1), 240-252. [Online]Retrieved from Business Source Complete database, Available from: http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=1hid=8sid=5fb20d14-bd45-4d39-8de5-204dcc9235f8%40sessionmgr14bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=bthAN=36606878#db=bthAN=36606878 [Last accessed 5th Nov 2010] Mathew R (2005) Put employees first: Sir Richard Branson. Available: http://www.domain-b.com/people/in_the_news/20051118_richard_branson.html [Last accessed 13th Dec 2010] McDermott, F (ed.) (2010) To be a Leader: lessons from Richard Branson and Jesus Christ. Available: http://mcdermottsmiscellany.blogspot.com/search/label/Richard%20Branson. [Last accessed 4th Nov 2010] Mullins L. (2005) Management and organisational behaviour, seventh edition, page 304 Mullins L. (2007) Management and organisational behaviour, eighth edition, page 43 Mullins L. (2010) Management and organisational behaviour, ninth edition, page 37 Robbins S. (ed.) (2003) Organizational behaviour, tenth edition, page 344 Thompson and Machin (2003) AS business studies, page 154

Shakespeare In Love Essay -- Movie Film Movies Essays

Shakespeare In Love with Queen Elizabeth "Shakespeare In Love" dominated the Oscars in 1998 bringing home seven academy awards including best picture. At Consumnes River College, a film professor argued to his class that "Saving Private Ryan" should have won the award. The whole class, which I attended, obediently agreed. Only after studying Renaissance literature, I realize our mistake. "Shakespeare In Love" accurately portrays Renaissance England and the birth of English drama, which is the ancestor of American motion picture. Its combination of screenplay and acting accurately portrays the important figures surrounding young Elizabethan drama. However, despite representations of Will Shakespeare, Kit Marlowe, and Ned Allen, perhaps the most dazzling representation is of Queen Elizabeth. Even though the Queen’s character does not consume a leading role, England’s greatest monarch resonates throughout the film. One aspect of the film that proves this and pays homage to Queen Elizabeth is its fictionalized her oine, whose life coincides with that of England’s heroic Queen. Much of the audience may assume that Gwyneth Paltrow’s star character, Viola, merely symbolizes William Shakespeare’s "Juliet." However, the film’s original screenplay clearly establishes a link between Elizabeth’s character and Viola’s. First of all, both possess keen wit uncommon to woman of the era, which they use to belittle the male sex. When an aristocratic male attempts to court Viola and says that he has spoken to her father, she replies, "So my Lord, I speak with him everyday." (Shakespeare) This comical scene alludes to Viola’s quick wit and confidence, which symbolizes those attributes of the Queen. When Viola argues with the queen that playwrigh... ... The film inevitably becomes more interesting as the parallels between Viola and the Queen are drawn. Viola’s character represents the Queen’s courage, wit, and tragic love and other qualities. Furthermore, the fact that the Queen institutes poetry and art into her court illustrates her courage to rebel against the classic philosopher Plato who said, "Hymns to the gods and praises of famous men are the only poetry which ought to be admitted into [the ideal] state." (Plato 13) Because Queen Elizabeth believes in the power of art and since it flourished to America, it is fitting that modern art should honor her. This one aspect of "Shakespeare In Love" that honors England’s greatest monarch is a fabulous stroke of creativity. However, it is just one reason why the film deserves "best picture," for it contains other essential keys that also unlock Renaissance England.

Rasin in the Sun Walter Character Analysis Essay

Depression is ongoing feelings of hopelessness, sadness, unhappiness, and causes a bleak outlook on life. When someone is suffering from depression they cannot be at the top of their game. A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959, which was the first play written by a black woman to be produced on Broadway. The story is based upon the family getting an insurance check; from Walter senior’s death, and the troubles of an African American family in the 1950’s. One Character, Walter shows almost every sign of depression throughout the play. He uses bad cooping skills, like alcohol, hurting his family meanwhile. Walter begins the play, as an unhappy man who is selfish but later matures into a better husband, father, and head of the household. When someone is unhappy, they tend to make impulsive decisions. In the case of Walter Lee Younger, he follows those footsteps. He proves that statement to be true when he tells the character Mama, also know as â€Å"Lena Younger† how he feel his job is nothing, saying, â€Å"†¦Mama, that ain’t no kind of job†¦ that ain’t nothing at all† (Hansberry 73). When Walter is talking to Mama about his future, he tells her he feels as if it’s, â€Å" †¦ a big, looming blank space- full of nothing† (73). That darkness he is showing in that conversation proves to us, that he is very unhappy where his life currently stands. The unhappiness he is experiencing now will later help him become a stronger man. Throughout the play, Walter shows the audience that he is a very selfish man, who will do whatever to get his way. In the beginning of the play, Walter says while talking to Ruth â€Å"I got me a dream† (33). He wants to buy a liquor store with his father’s $10,000 life insurance money, he tells Ruth, â€Å"†¦the initial investment on the place be ‘bout thirty thousand, †¦that be ten thousand each† (33). Walter is oblivious that Mama and Ruth want a house, and Beneatha wants money for college, showing that Walter only cares about himself. The Younger’s get a call from Walter’s work, Ruth answers and they tell her that Walter hasn’t been to work for three days. This shows that Walter is being selfish and missing work to grieve at a bar because Mama didn’t give him money for the liquor store, when he knows the family is struggling for money. Ruth confronts Walter and tells him, â€Å"†¦Mr. Arnold has had to take a cab for three days†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"†¦If you don’t come in tomorrow that they are getting a new man† (105), Walter looked at her and laughed. Walter thinks that through his selfish acts that he is going to get his way, but little does he know that it is just going to add fuel to the fire. Sometimes it’s better off to shut up, swallow pride, and accept wrongdoing. It’s not giving up, It’s called growing up. That is exactly what Walter Lee did in the third act, he proved himself that he could be a better man. When he was talking to Mr. Karl Linder about if they where going to accept his offer, â€Å"†¦to buy the house†¦ at a financial gain†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (118), Walter was planning to accept his offer, but realized his family really wanted to move into this home. He told Mr. Linder that, â€Å" †¦we have decided to move into our house because my father – my father he earned it for us brick by brick† (148) which is a very big improvement for Walter. Usually Walter does impulsive selfish acts, not thinking about his family. When Mama told Walter, talking about Travis, â€Å" †¦You make him understand what your doing, Walter Lee. You teach him good. Like Willy Harris taught you. You show where five generations done come to† (147) something triggered Walter to realize what he was actually doing and made him reject the offer, doing something exceptional for the family, making himself a better head of the household. Walter also tells Linder that he is proud of Beneatha, which is very unusual. He tells him, â€Å"†¦ that’s my sister over there and she’s going to be a doctor – and we are very proud† (148), that is a very big statement that he told Linder. Earlier in the play he told Beneatha, â€Å"Who the hell told you to be a doctor? †¦ go be a nurse like other women – or just get married and be quiet.† (38), Walter completely changed his view, and actually was proud of Beneatha. Making himself a better brother. Walter Lee Younger makes a commendable change throughout the play. Walter becomes a better man, making himself better suited to be the head of the household. It took him time, but he realized what life was really about. He  stood up for the family, showing responsibility, maturity, and love to the family. * Hansberry, Lorraine . A Raisin in the Sun. 7th. 51. New york: Random House, Inc., 1958. 0-151. Print.

Planetary Comparison Essay

Man first came to live by finding ways to sustain his life. He could think, decide, create an opinion and work with his bare hands. After many years of survival, he became more curious at the things around him. He saw the moon, the sun and the stars. It was when the man was curious that human life was considered intelligent life. Without man’s curiosity, he wouldn’t care about the planet that he is hosting his life. Without his brain, he wouldn’t know that other planets and other heavenly bodies exist aside from the planet Earth. The properties of planet Earth include its shape, density, reflection of light and age. The shape of the Earth resembles that of a sphere. It is a spherical planet because of gravity. What makes the Earth spherical is the bulging characteristic it has on the equator. The bulges exist on this part of the planet because of rotation. Properties of the Earth Density – As of the Earth’s density, it refers to the â€Å"mass per unit volume† of the planet. The density of the Earth can be better imagined if compared to the density of iron, rock or water. The density of is 8 grams per cubic centimeter, 2. 5 grams per cubic centimeter for a rock. With water, it is just a gram per cubic centimeter. Deep down the planet is surely a dense section of the Earth (Newman, 2000, p. 267). † Reflection of Light – Another property is reflection of light. The Earth has 37% albedo, which means that it has 37% of light that it is capable of reflecting. Again, to get the clearer picture, the reflection of light of the Earth can be compared to that of dirt, clouds and ice. Dirt can only reflect around 10%, while water and clouds have just enough albedo. When albedo is moderate, it means that the reflection of light ranges from 40 to 60 percent. Meanwhile, ice has a high albedo because its reflection of light is almost a solid one hundred percent (Hamilton, 2001). Age of the Earth – The age of the Earth is also another property of the planet. Planet Earth is as old as billions of years. With the help of radioactive dating of stones, scientists and geologists discovered that the Earth existed 3. to 4. 5 billion years ago (Hamilton, 2001). The Earth’s Interior The Earth’s interior is characterized by explosions, earthquakes and seismic waves. There are waves that travel in both solid and liquid parts of the Earth. There are also waves that run only on solid ground (Hamilton, 2001). Inside the Earth’s interior, one can find nickel, iron and solid in the inner core. In the Earth’s outer core are nickel, iron and liquid. It s mantle are oxygen and silicon, which, when combined, form silicate rocks. The temperature inside the Earth’s core is hotter than the surface of the sun because of radioactivity and collisions. During the early years of history, the Earth is molded by numerous collisions and the heat from this activity contributed to the 6500K temperature of the planet’s core (Hamilton, 2001). Surface Changes It is a fact that the surface of the Earth changes constantly. One activity that contributes in the surface change of the planet is continental drift. Continental drift, as its name implies, refers to the drifting apart of the Earth’s continents. The continents move over time, and such movements were better understood and explained as the Plate Tectonics Theory came out, describing the lithosphere of the planet (Hamilton, 2001). If the lithosphere breaks, tectonic plates are built. In this planet, there are plenty of minor tectonic plates. With major tectonic plates, there are only seven. There is movement among these plates at different kinds of boundaries which include transform boundaries, spreading or divergent boundaries and collision or convergent boundaries. These boundaries pave way to the formation of oceanic trenches, mountains, volcanic activities and even earthquakes. Imagine two pieces of large lands collide (Hamilton, 2001). The tension caused by the collision alters the shape of the pieces of land. This is what happens to planet Earth. Whatever type of activity there is, the surface of the Earth will always be affected (Hamilton, 2001). Even erosion affects the surface of the Earth. Erosion happens when particles like rock, soil and sediments are displaced or moved to other places. What cause the displacement are agents like water, living organisms and wind. Ice is also another cause of displacement because of the downward slope (Hamilton, 2001). The Earth and the Other Nine It cannot be denied that the Earth is special because compared to other planets in the solar system; it is only the Earth that is capable of sustaining life. It has an atmosphere. It has displacement of lands. It has plate tectonics. It has water. It has humans. The one thing that separates the Earth from the other planets is the human being and human life. There may be signs of the existence of life in Mars, and that there are other forms of life in the moon of Saturn, but only Earth is capable of supporting and maintaining life (Moskowitz, 2008). Intelligent Life – Even if it may be proven in the future that there are indeed organisms living in Mars, it is still safe to say that the Earth is home to intelligent life. Other planets may be able to host life, but only the planet Earth is capable of hosting the intelligent kind (Moskowitz, 2008). Life on other planets would not even be possible without the planet Earth, according to Gregory Laughlin. Laughlin is a planet hunter and an astrophysicist at the prestigious University of California, Santa Cruz. Gregory was able to say this because the Earth delicately transferred some of its materials to the other planets. These tiny materials can be found in the planet’s crust (Moskowitz, 2008). Water – Another feature of the Earth which cannot be found in other planets is water. The planet is indeed a place conducive for evolution because it has water in it, in that amount. The amount of water on Earth is almost magical. The amount of water present in this planet is just enough to keep a desert alive. There is not too much water to drown the Earth’s mountains (Moskowitz, 2008). Water on Earth is different from the water in the other planets because the water in the other planets either fry or freeze. This can be explained through the distance between the planet earth and the sun (Moskowitz, 2008). Distance – Distance, of course, is a unique feature of the planet. The Earth indeed has the best location in the solar system because if we depend on too much sun, then the distance between the planet and then sun is just right enough to match the Earth’s geological timescales (Moskowitz, 2008). It is the temperature we get from the sun that regulates the Earth’s atmosphere. It is the distance between the Earth and the sun that keeps the temperature of the Earth’s surface around the temperature of the waters (Moskowitz, 2008). Size – The size of the Earth is also another unique feature of the planet. A smaller Earth will not leave space for the planet to hold on to the atmosphere. A bigger Earth may be a hotter Earth for humans. Hotter in this sense means the kind of warmness which humans will not be able to tolerate (Moskowitz, 2008). Getting More Detailed Mercury is the nearest planet to the Sun. Among all the other planets, it is the eighth largest. It has two moons namely Titan and Ganymede. While these moons are smaller than Mercury, they are more massive than the planet. Mercury, compared to the Earth, is closer to the sun (Arnett, 2008). Venus, on the other hand, is the sixth largest planet in the solar system. It is also nearer to the sun compared to the Earth. It is an inferior planet with phases easily seen through a telescope from the Earth (Arnett, 2008). Aside from the Earth, Mars stands out to be a popular planet since the early times. Today, there are observatories that are ground-based just to study Mars. The size of Mars is a barrier in studying it, but the planet still shows features that can host life (Arnett, 2008). The biggest planet in the solar system is Jupiter. When it comes to mass, this planet is doubly massive compared to the Earth and to the other planets as well. In fact, when compared to the Earth’s mass, Jupiter has 318 times more (Arnett, 2008). Saturn is a popular planet since the prehistoric years because there was Galileo in 1610, holding a telescope, observing this planet with rings. Galileo knew that Saturn looked different and he thought that the Earth passes through the rings after some years on a regular basis (Arnett, 2008). If the Earth is spherical, then the planet Uranus is ecliptic. Unlike the Earth, Uranus’ poles are hotter than its equator. The poles of this planet are more receptive to the sun’s energy than the equator (Arnett, 2008). Neptune is far from the sun, but its core measures the same as that of the mass of the Earth. Its core is made of rocks. It does not have a unique internal layering like that of Saturn and Jupiter, but the composition is nonetheless distinct. Whatever heat it receives from the sun is nothing compared to the heat it can generate itself through its core (Arnett, 2008). Pluto is the smallest planet in the solar system. It has an eccentric orbit, which makes it closer to the sun at times than Neptune. Unlike the Earth and all the other planets, this heavenly body rotates in the opposite direction (Arnett, 2008). Above all these, it is still the Earth that stands out. All these pieces of information would not be known without the human mind, made possible with life, sustained by the Earth.

The velocity of sound by means of resonance

University of Salahaddin – Hawler Education College Physics Dept. Shaqlawa Name of experiment The velocity of sound by means of resonance tube closed at one end. No. experiment: 5 Name: Goran Kamaran A. razaq Stage: 1st Class Group: C Date: 12/12/2013 Apparatuses:- This lab utilizes the following materials: Resonance tube Pail of water Tuning forks Rubber mallet Measuring tape Thermometer Thorey:- Fill the tube with water to about 10cm to the open end of the tube. To adjust the level of the water in the tube. move the side bucket up and down in the vertical irection.Use five different tuning forks and the appropriate head of the mallet. Strike the tuning fork with the appropriate mallet above the open end of the tube and slowly start lowering the side bucket so the water level goes down until you hear an Increase In sound which Is called resonance. Record the location where the resonance occurred and record the height. After you get the first resonance, repeat by lowering the water further down the tube until you get a total of two resonance recordings. Repeat the experiment with a different tuning fork and record the ppropriate data.Each fork was struck above the water level and the water level was slowly moved down until a resonance was heard. The distance where the resonance occurs were recorded and the speed of the waves were determined. The experimental speed of sound was then compared to the calculated theoretical speed of sound. The results obtained were very close to the theoretical speed of sound thus proving that they were precise. Ill. The cause of errors in the process. 1- the rooms noise 2- Before now, we will not work in scientific laboratories. Mistake ratio OR Error ratio: Error† = I . 05

A Practitioner's Handbook Speech or Presentation

A Practitioner's Handbook - Speech or Presentation Example Hope this exercise was fun and fruitful. Now we shall engage in a discussion of the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test which, apart from the Word Attack exercise conducted, examines various other aspects of an individual’s reading ability.I shall begin my speech by explaining to you what The Woodcock Reading Mastery Test actually is. The Woodcock Reading Mastery Test is a â€Å"norm-referenced† series of assessments that enables assessors to determine the reading achievements and abilities of individuals (Rathvon, 2004). The test is administered on an individual basis and is diagnostic in nature. Basically, the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test measures the â€Å"reading readiness† of individuals. It primarily targets individuals who have difficulty in reading. The purpose of this test goes beyond the general aim of identifying reading abilities of the candidate as it highlights the individuals’ strengths and weaknesses in particular areas of reading so that target ed action may be taken. It allows specific strategies to be devised for students who have special needs in reading. Particular attention is devoted to ELL learners whose reading abilities are determined by this test. Not only does this test allow for an evaluation of the candidate but also the institution or school’s reading programs.   The history of the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test can be traced back to 1973 when Dr. Richard Woodcock laid the first foundations of the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test   (Rathvon, 2004).... is a â€Å"norm-referenced† series of assessments that enables assessors to determine the reading achievements and abilities of individuals (Rathvon, 2004). The test is administered on an individual basis and is diagnostic in nature. Basically, the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test measures the â€Å"reading readiness† of individuals. It primarily targets individuals who have difficulty in reading. The purpose of this test goes beyond the general aim of identifying reading abilities of the candidate as it highlights the individuals’ strengths and weaknesses in particular areas of reading so that targeted action may be taken. It allows specific strategies to be devised for students who have special needs in reading. Particular attention is devoted to ELL learners whose reading abilities are determined by this test. Not only does this test allow for an evaluation of the candidate but also the institution or school’s reading programs. The history of the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test can be traced back to 1973 when Dr. Richard Woodcock laid the first foundations of the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test (Rathvon, 2004). This test could be taken by children from kindergarten through the twelfth grade which was a rather broad target segment for this assessment (Rathvon, 2004). This test was best suited for ESL candidates. Furthermore, the test involved short intervals and comprised of 5 subtests including the Word Attack, Word ID, Letter ID Passage Comprehension and Word Comprehension. This test was later revised in 1998 whereby Forms G and H were introduced which were not parallel in nature (Rathvon, 2004). These two forms allowed the assessor to test and re-test as they were non-overlapping in nature. Therefore, as you may think, this assessment was highly thorough in nature.